Since it's past few decades after evolution of computer. There are many off the shelve solutions and products are already available in market.

Also there the software are available as service. So there are many choices instead of rebuilding everything from scratch. Especially now the industry is moving towards SOAS (Software As Service) and Cloud Computing.

We could either use the Open Source projects and customize it to the inhouse needs (or) we could buy selected features from third party and integrate to the inhouse system / product. The following are some of the solutions based on the domain aspect.

EDI – Electronic Data Interchange (Convert from any to any format)

EMR – Electronic Medical Record

LMR – Learning Management System (Moodle)

ITIL – Information Technology Infrastructure Library (Comodo – iTop)

DMS – Document Management System

CMS – Content Management System

SCM – Supply Chain Management